Colegio Ángeles del NorteInglés · L. R. Montaño Rincón
❓Antes de aprender · pregunta problematizadora
Who did it — or does it matter?
01Escribe una oración activa cualquiera.
02¿Quién hace la acción?
03¿Qué pasa si borras a esa persona?
🎯Al terminar este tema podrás
Desempeños
I
Transformar oraciones activas en pasivas.
II
Usar be + past participle en presente y pasado.
III
Reconocer cuándo la voz pasiva es la opción natural.
💡La idea central
El objeto pasa al frente
En la voz activa el sujeto hace la acción. En la voz pasiva el objeto se convierte en sujeto y quien actúa desaparece o se introduce con by.
“The chef cooks the meal. → The meal is cooked by the chef.”
Se usa cuando el agente es obvio, desconocido o poco importante.
ACTIVE
PASSIVE
🧩La fórmula
Nuevo sujeto
The meal
+
Verbo be
is / was
+
Verbo
past participle
The letters were sent yesterday.El verbo be lleva el tiempo; el participio nunca cambia.
Afirmativa · Negativa · Pregunta
Affirmative
It is made here. They were built in 1990. English is spoken here.
be + participle
Negative
It isn't made here. They weren't built then. It isn't sold in shops.
be + not + participle
Interrogative
Is it made here? Were they built in 1990? Is English spoken here?
be al inicio
⏰Presente y pasado
Cómo cambia el verbo be
PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE
am / is / are
+ participle
It is made.
They are sold.
English is taught.
PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE
was / were
+ participle
It was made.
They were sold.
English was taught.
Cuándo se usa la pasiva
Agente desconocido — no sabemos quién
My bike was stolen.
Agente obvio — no hace falta decirlo
He was arrested.
Procesos — importa el paso, no la persona
The beans are dried.
Noticias — tono formal e impersonal
Three people were injured.
Ciencia — objetividad
The sample was heated.
by + agente — cuando sí importa
It was written by García Márquez.
Activa vs. Pasiva
Active voice
Shakira wrote the song.
El foco está en quién realiza la acción.
Passive voice
The song was written by Shakira.
El foco está en lo que recibe la acción.
Si el agente no aporta información nueva, quítalo.
📖Lectura contextualizada
The Museum of Gold
The Gold Museum in Bogotá was founded in 1939. More than 34,000 pieces are kept there and many of them were made by the Muisca people. The collection is visited by thousands of tourists every year, and new pieces are still being discovered today.
pasiva simplepasiva continua
💬Cómic · conversación
At the Gold Museum
K
Karen
When was this museum founded?
H
Hugo
In 1939. More than thirty thousand pieces are kept here.
K
Karen
Who made them?
H
Hugo
Many were made by the Muisca people. New ones are still being discovered.
Foco del diálogo: voz pasiva. Después de escucharlo, léanlo en parejas cambiando los nombres por los suyos.
✅Opción múltiple · 1 de 3
The Mona Lisa ______ by Leonardo da Vinci.
Apainted
Bwas painted
Cis painting
Dhas painted
✅Opción múltiple · 2 de 3
English ______ in many countries.
Aspeaks
Bis spoken
Cspoken
Dwas speaking
✅Opción múltiple · 3 de 3
These shoes ______ in Colombia last year.
Amade
Bwas made
Cwere made
Dare make
🤔True or False
¿Verdadero o falso?
La voz pasiva se forma con be + past participle.
TRUE
FALSE
En la pasiva el objeto se convierte en sujeto.
TRUE
FALSE
“The song was write by her” es correcto.
TRUE
FALSE
El agente siempre debe aparecer con by.
TRUE
FALSE
La pasiva es común en noticias y textos científicos.
TRUE
FALSE
🔗Asociar · matching
Activa → pasiva
Haz clic en la oración activa y luego en su versión pasiva.
They build houses.
She wrote the book.
People speak Spanish here.
Someone stole my bike.
The book was written.
My bike was stolen.
Houses are built.
Spanish is spoken here.
📝Completar el espacio
Fill in the blanks
was
spoken
by
are
1. The bridge built in 1998.
2. These cars made in Japan.
3. The song was written a local artist.
4. English is all over the world.
🔢Ordenar la oración
Build the sentence
nine
thirty
nineteen
was
museum
in
founded
The
🔍Encontrar el error
Find the mistake
The book was wrotebyhim
These cars ismadein Japan
My bike stolenlastnight
🏁Después de aprender
Lo esencial
be + past participle · el objeto pasa a sujeto · by solo si el agente importa · el tiempo lo marca be.
Tarea: convierte ocho oraciones activas de tu libro en pasivas y explica por qué la pasiva suena mejor en tres de ellas.