Las tres columnas: la base del pasado y del participio en inglés.
Colegio Ángeles del NorteInglés · L. R. Montaño Rincón
🎲Calentamiento · warm-up · 15 minutos
Back to the Screen
De espaldas a la pantalla
How to play · Cómo se juega
1
One student sits with his or her back to the screen.
Un estudiante se sienta de espaldas a la pantalla.
2
The teacher points at a word. The team describes it in English — no gestures, no Spanish, and never the word itself.
El profesor señala una palabra. El equipo la describe en inglés: sin gestos, sin español y sin decir la palabra.
3
Thirty seconds per word. One point for each word guessed.
Treinta segundos por palabra. Un punto por cada palabra adivinada.
Example · ejemplo
Word: TEACHER → «This person works in a school. She explains things. You see one every day.»
Palabra: TEACHER. Si dicen la palabra o hablan español, pasan a la siguiente.
Useful English · frases que necesitas
It's a person who…
Es una persona que…
You use it when…
Lo usas cuando…
It's the opposite of…
Es lo contrario de…
Pass! Next word.
¡Paso! Siguiente palabra.
🎮Back to the Screen · el juego
Dieciocho palabras para describir
Usted señala una. El equipo la describe en inglés. El botón sirve para oír la pronunciación después.
❓Antes de aprender · pregunta problematizadora
Why do some verbs change completely?
01Escribe cinco verbos que uses todos los días.
02¿Cuáles terminan en -ed en pasado?
03¿Cuáles cambian por completo?
🎯Al terminar este tema podrás
Desempeños
I
Distinguir verbos regulares de irregulares por su forma en pasado y participio.
II
Aplicar las reglas de ortografía del sufijo -ed.
III
Usar la tercera columna en oraciones de present perfect.
💡La idea central
Dos caminos para el pasado
Todo verbo en inglés tiene tres formas: base, past simple y past participle. Los regulares siguen una sola regla; los irregulares se aprenden de memoria.
“work → worked → worked · go → went → gone”
Solo unos 180 verbos irregulares son de uso frecuente.
REGULAR
IRREGULAR
🧩Las tres columnas
Base form
play
+
Past simple
played
+
Past participle
played
I have played football since I was six.En los regulares la segunda y la tercera columna son idénticas.
Reglas del sufijo -ed
Regla general
work → worked call → called watch → watched
Solo se añade -ed.
Termina en -e
live → lived love → loved close → closed
Solo se añade -d.
Consonante + y
study → studied cry → cried carry → carried
La y se vuelve -ied.
📋Memoria activa
Los que más vas a usar
REGULARES
want
wanted
wanted
need
needed
needed
open
opened
opened
travel
travelled
travelled
IRREGULARES
be
was/were
been
do
did
done
take
took
taken
break
broke
broken
📋Diez verbos regulares
Los diez regulares que más vas a usar
Base form
Past simple
Past participle
Español
play
played
played
jugar
watch
watched
watched
ver
study
studied
studied
estudiar
download
downloaded
downloaded
descargar
dance
danced
danced
bailar
post
posted
posted
publicar
finish
finished
finished
terminar
travel
travelled
travelled
viajar
practise
practised
practised
practicar
call
called
called
llamar
En todos, la segunda y la tercera columna son idénticas: la marca es -ed.
🗣️Regulares · presente, pasado y participio
play · watch · study · download · dance
play · played · played
jugar
I play football every Saturday.
I played on my phone until midnight.
I have played that game since 2023.
watch · watched · watched
ver
We watch series after dinner.
I watched three episodes last night.
She has watched the whole season twice.
study · studied · studied
estudiar
I study English on Mondays.
He studied for the test yesterday.
They have studied together all week.
download · downloaded · downloaded
descargar
I download music on the school wifi.
She downloaded the app last week.
We have downloaded the update already.
dance · danced · danced
bailar
My cousin dances K-pop covers.
We danced at my sister's party.
She has danced on stage three times.
🗣️Regulares · presente, pasado y participio
post · finish · travel · practise · call
post · posted · posted
publicar
He posts a video every Friday.
I posted my first reel in March.
They have posted forty clips this year.
finish · finished · finished
terminar
I finish my homework before dinner.
We finished the project on Sunday.
He has not finished the series yet.
travel · travelled · travelled
viajar
My family travels in December.
We travelled to Santa Marta last year.
I have never travelled by plane.
practise · practised · practised
practicar
She practises the guitar every day.
I practised my pronunciation for an hour.
We have practised this dialogue twice.
call · called · called
llamar
I call my grandmother on Sundays.
He called me during the match.
Nobody has called me back yet.
📋Diez verbos irregulares
Los diez irregulares que no puedes deducir
Base form
Past simple
Past participle
Español
go
went
gone
ir
see
saw
seen
ver
eat
ate
eaten
comer
write
wrote
written
escribir
win
won
won
ganar
buy
bought
bought
comprar
take
took
taken
tomar · llevar
break
broke
broken
romper
make
made
made
hacer
sing
sang
sung
cantar
Aquí no hay regla: las tres formas se aprenden juntas, en voz alta y en contexto.
🗣️Irregulares · presente, pasado y participio
go · see · eat · write · win
go · went · gone
ir
I go to school by bus.
We went to the cinema on Friday.
She has gone to the shop.
see · saw · seen
ver
I see my friends every day.
I saw the trailer yesterday.
Have you seen the new episode?
eat · ate · eaten
comer
We eat arepas for breakfast.
He ate all the pizza.
I have not eaten anything today.
write · wrote · written
escribir
I write in my notebook every night.
She wrote a song about her town.
He has written three chapters.
win · won · won
ganar
Our team wins almost every match.
We won the final last month.
They have won the tournament twice.
🗣️Irregulares · presente, pasado y participio
buy · take · break · make · sing
buy · bought · bought
comprar
I buy my lunch at school.
My cousin bought two tickets.
She has bought a new phone.
take · took · taken
tomar · llevar
I take the bus at seven.
He took a photo of the board.
Somebody has taken my charger.
break · broke · broken
romper
He breaks a screen every year.
I broke my headphones on the bus.
She has broken her promise again.
make · made · made
hacer
My mother makes the best natilla.
We made a video for the class.
They have made twenty edits.
sing · sang · sung
cantar
She sings in the school choir.
We sang the whole concert.
He has sung that song a hundred times.
Patrones de los irregulares
A-A-A — no cambian
cut · cut · cut
A-B-B — pasado = participio
buy · bought · bought
A-B-C — las tres distintas
sing · sang · sung
A-B-A — vuelve a la base
come · came · come
-ought — grupo frecuente
think · thought
Ojo — la pronunciación del -ed cambia
/t/ /d/ /ɪd/
Past simple o past participle
Past simple
I saw the film.
Segunda columna. Va solo, sin auxiliar.
Past participle
I have seen the film.
Tercera columna. Necesita have / has.
Si hay have o has delante, siempre va la tercera columna.
📖Lectura contextualizada
The Verb Notebook
Last year Daniel bought a small notebook and wrote one new verb every day. He has learned more than three hundred verbs since then and has taught many of them to his younger sister. He did not know that irregular verbs would become his favourite part of English.