Hablar de experiencias que empezaron en el pasado y siguen contando hoy.
Colegio Ángeles del NorteInglés · L. R. Montaño Rincón
🎲Calentamiento · warm-up · 10 minutos
Two Truths and a Lie
Dos verdades y una mentira
How to play · Cómo se juega
1
Write three sentences about yourself: two true, one false.
Escribe tres frases sobre ti: dos verdaderas y una falsa.
2
Read them to the class. The class may ask you two questions in English.
Léelas a la clase. La clase puede hacerte dos preguntas en inglés.
3
Everybody votes. Then you say which one was the lie.
Todos votan. Después dices cuál era la mentira.
Example · ejemplo
I have never eaten sushi. · I have been to three countries. · I have met a famous singer.
Yo empiezo. Después pasan ustedes, uno por fila.
Useful English · frases que necesitas
Number two is a lie!
¡La número dos es mentira!
Are you sure about that?
¿Estás seguro de eso?
When did that happen?
¿Cuándo pasó eso?
I don't believe you.
No te creo.
🎮Two Truths and a Lie · el juego
Tres modelos para copiar la estructura
Cambia el contenido, mantén la forma. Pulsa el botón para oír cada modelo.
Modelo A
I have never broken a bone. I have visited the coast. I have sung on a stage.
Con present perfect: experiencias de tu vida, sin decir cuándo.
Modelo B
I have three brothers. I live near the school. I can play the guitar.
Con presente simple: datos de tu vida actual.
Modelo C
Last year I travelled to Medellín. I met my best friend in 2020. I won a competition.
Con pasado simple: hechos con fecha.
❓Antes de aprender · pregunta problematizadora
What have you done today?
01Piensa en tres cosas que hiciste hoy.
02¿Ya terminaron o siguen pasando?
03Dilo en inglés. En voz alta.
🎯Al terminar este tema podrás
Desempeños
I
Form affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences with have / has + past participle.
II
Use the time markers already, yet, just, ever, never, for, since correctly.
III
Talk about your own experiences, trips and achievements.
💡La idea central
El pasado que todavía importa
Usamos el present perfect cuando la acción ocurrió en un momento indefinido del pasado y su resultado sigue vivo ahora.
“I have visited Cartagena.”
No importa cuándo. Importa que ya lo viví.
🧩La fórmula
Sujeto
I / You / We
+
Auxiliar
have / has
+
Verbo
past participle
She hasfinished her homework.He / She / It → has. Todos los demás → have.
Afirmativa · Negativa · Pregunta
Affirmative
I have eaten. She has arrived. They have studied.
I've / she's / they've
Negative
I haven't eaten. She hasn't arrived. They haven't studied.
have not / has not
Interrogative
Have I eaten? Has she arrived? Have they studied?
Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
📌Regular & irregular verbs
La tercera columna
REGULAR → base + -ed
work
worked
worked
study
studied
studied
travel
travelled
travelled
play
played
played
IRREGULAR → se memoriza
go
went
gone
see
saw
seen
eat
ate
eaten
write
wrote
written
Marcadores de tiempo
already — antes de lo esperado
I have already finished.
yet — negativas y preguntas, al final
Have you eaten yet?
just — hace un momento
She has just left.
ever — alguna vez, en preguntas
Have you ever flown?
never — nunca, ya es negativo
I have never been to Peru.
for / since — duración
for two years / since 2023
FOR mide · SINCE marca
FOR + periodo: two hours, a week, ten years.
SINCE + momento: Monday, 2023, I was a child.
🏠Así se dice en la vida real
Experiencias que ya viviste
Series y juegos
I have watched all the seasons.
She has never played that game.
They have just released an update.
We have not finished it yet.
Viajes y música
I have been to Cartagena twice.
He has already bought the tickets.
Have you ever seen them live?
I have never travelled by plane.
El colegio
I have done my homework.
She has forgotten her notebook.
We have studied this since March.
He has been here for two years.
Ahora cámbialo por tu versión: tu grupo, tu juego, tu horario.
Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
Present Perfect
I have seen that movie.
Tiempo indefinido. No dice cuándo. El resultado importa ahora.
Simple Past
I saw that movie last night.
Tiempo definido y terminado: yesterday, in 2020, last night.
Regla rápida: si puedes decir cuándo, usa simple past.
📖Lectura contextualizada
An Unforgettable Trip to the Coffee Region
Marta is a fourteen-year-old student from Bogotá who has lived in Colombia all her life. However, she had never travelled to the Coffee Triangle until last month. While she was walking through the Cocora Valley, she saw the giant wax palms for the first time. Suddenly, it started to rain and her family ran to a nearby eco-lodge.
present perfectpast simple / continuous
💬Cómic · conversación
Have You Ever…?
S
Sara
Have you ever travelled outside Colombia?
M
Mateo
No, I have never left the country. Have you?
S
Sara
Yes, I have been to Ecuador twice.
M
Mateo
Lucky you. I have not saved enough money yet.
Foco del diálogo: present perfect · ever / never. Después de escucharlo, léanlo en parejas cambiando los nombres por los suyos.
🔊Pronunciación · una frase a la vez
Present perfect: have y has
He visto todas las temporadas.
Ella nunca ha jugado ese juego.
¿Alguna vez has ido a un concierto?
Acaban de lanzar un álbum nuevo.
Todavía no he terminado la serie.
Él ya vio el tráiler.
Somos amigos desde 2019.
Ella ha jugado durante tres horas.
En «I've» y «she's» el auxiliar casi desaparece. Escúchalo dos veces.
📺Lectura para proyectar
Have You Ever Finished a Series in One Weekend?
Tres adolescentes discuten en un chat sobre series y juegos. Todo el texto usa present perfect.
Nivel A2 · 115 palabras · unos 2 minutos y medio leyendo en voz alta
Lectura · streaming
Have You Ever Finished a Series in One Weekend?
«I have just finished the whole season,» writes Daniel. «Eight episodes in two days. My eyes hurt.»
«That's nothing,» answers Laura. «I have watched that series three times. And I have never skipped the intro.»
Mateo has a different problem. He has downloaded the series, but he hasn't started it yet. «I have been busy since Monday,» he writes.
They have all played the same game since 2023, but nobody has finished it. «Have you ever reached the last level?» asks Daniel. Nobody answers.
Some things have changed. Their parents have watched three episodes with them — and now they ask for the password.
Glosario
season — temporada
skipped — se saltó
downloaded — descargó
reached — llegó a
Después de leer
01How many episodes has Daniel watched, and in how long?
02Why hasn't Mateo started the series?
03Find two sentences with «never» and two with «yet».
✅Opción múltiple · 1 de 3
She ______ her keys. She can't open the door.
Alost
Bhas lost
Chave lost
Dwas losing
✅Opción múltiple · 2 de 3
They haven't finished the project ______.
Aalready
Byet
Csince
Dever
✅Opción múltiple · 3 de 3
We have studied English ______ 2019.
Afor
Bsince
Cago
Dyet
🤔True or False
¿Verdadero o falso?
“Has” se usa con I y you.
TRUE
FALSE
El past participle de write es written.
TRUE
FALSE
Yet aparece normalmente al final de negativas y preguntas.
TRUE
FALSE
“I have seen it yesterday” es correcto.
TRUE
FALSE
Since va con un punto de inicio, no con una duración.
TRUE
FALSE
🔗Asociar · matching
Verbo → past participle
Haz clic en un verbo de la izquierda y luego en su participio.
go
eat
see
study
seen
studied
gone
eaten
📝Completar el espacio
Fill in the blanks
has
never
for
just
1. My brother travelled to Spain.
2. I have eaten sushi.
3. She has lived here six years.
4. The bus has arrived.
🔢Ordenar la oración
Build the question
to
Have
Medellín
ever
?
you
been
🔍Encontrar el error
Find the mistake
She havefinishedher homework.
I have lived here sinceten years.
Have you eversaw a whale?
🏁Después de aprender
Lo esencial
have / has + past participle · tiempo indefinido · el resultado importa hoy · for mide, since marca · si dices cuándo, usa simple past.
Tarea: escribe cinco oraciones sobre cosas que has hecho en tu vida. Una debe usar never, otra since.